Abstract: The belief propagation (BP) algorithm is a widely adopted iterative decoding method for Luby transform (LT) codes. However, the conventional log-likelihood ratio BP (LLR-BP) decoder exhibits ...

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKO)[1] has garnered attention in recent years for the implementation of quantum secure key sharing using standard telecommunication componentsl”.

Software from an iPhone prototype running an early build of iOS 26 leaked last week, giving us a glimpse at future Apple devices and iOS features. We recapped device codenames in our prior article, ...

The new labour codes, notified on November 21, 2025, will reshape salary structures in India, focusing more closely on basic pay, variable components and long-term social security benefits like ...