Abstract: An open-circuit voltage (OCV) model, which represents OCV as a function of state of charge (SOC), is essential for estimating the state of a battery. Typically, the OCV-SOC characteristic is ...

Abstract: This paper addresses the optimal control problem for a class of nonlinear systems that present significant challenges due to state constraints, unmodeled dynamics, and a nonstrict feedback ...

Supply chain partners often face a fundamental trade-off: dishonesty can provide immediate rewards, but excessive lying erodes credibility and undermines future opportunities. Prior research has ...