Modulation is the act of translating some low-frequency or baseband signal (voice, music, and data) to a higher frequency. Why do we modulate signals? There are at least two reasons: to allow the ...

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The combination of electric and magnetic fields at right angles produces radio waves. These waves occur at different frequencies, and the range of useful frequencies is called the electromagnetic ...

Spread spectrum clocking (SSC) is used in many computer interfaces such as PCI Express and Serial ATA to improve the EMI performance of the interface. It takes the form of frequency modulation (FM) of ...

Strike a bell, and the bell rings at its resonance modes. Strike it harder and the bell rings at the same tone, only louder. Now imagine a small crack in the bell, perhaps invisible to the eye. We ...

Recently, based on optical-feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (OF-CEAS) technology, a research team led by Prof. ZHANG Weijun from Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS), Chinese ...

Philip Branch does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...