A new breakthrough study from the Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, University of Toronto (Motsenyat et al., Brain Stimulation 2025) shows that brief sessions of pulsed photobiomodulation (PBM) ...

If you find it hard to focus after a wakeful night, it’s because your brain is busy trying to catch up on crucial ...

Cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF, is a clear, colorless liquid that plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and function of your central nervous system. It cushions the brain and spinal cord, ...

The space between the arachnoid and pia meningeal layers encasing the brain is a landscape of connective tissue, blood vessels, and cerebrospinal fluid. Scientists debate how that fluid moves within ...

Cerebrospinal fluid is a watery liquid that continually circulates through the brain’s ventricles and around the surface of the brain and spinal cord. It acts like a cushion that helps protect the ...

A popular hypothesis for how the brain clears molecular waste, which may help explain why sleep feels refreshing, is a subject of debate. Encased in the skull, perched atop the spine, the brain has a ...

It may be possible to identify the presence of an aggressive brain tumor in children by studying their cerebrospinal fluid, according to new research. It may be possible to identify the presence of an ...